Papers, ranked by score

Ordered by a blend of empirical rigor (60%) and math complexity (40%).

Shrinkage Estimators for Mean and Covariance: Evidence on Portfolio Efficiency Across Market Dimensions

The mean-variance model remains the most prevalent investment framework, built on diversification principles. However, it consistently struggles with estimation errors in expected returns and the covariance matrix, its core parameters. To address this concern, this research evaluates the performance

Holy Grail Math 6.5 Rigor 8.5 ·  January 28, 2026

Class of topological portfolios: Are they better than classical portfolios?

Topological Data Analysis (TDA), an emerging field in investment sciences, harnesses mathematical methods to extract data features based on shape, offering a promising alternative to classical portfolio selection methodologies. We utilize persistence landscapes, a type of summary statistics for pers

Holy Grail Math 8.5 Rigor 7 ·  January 7, 2026

A comprehensive review and analysis of different modeling approaches for financial index tracking problem

Index tracking, also known as passive investing, has gained significant traction in financial markets due to its cost-effective and efficient approach to replicating the performance of a specific market index. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the various modeling approaches and

Holy Grail Math 6.5 Rigor 7 ·  January 7, 2026

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