Papers, ranked by score

Ordered by a blend of empirical rigor (60%) and math complexity (40%).

Painting the market: generative diffusion models for financial limit order book simulation and forecasting

Simulating limit order books (LOBs) has important applications across forecasting and backtesting for financial market data. However, deep generative models struggle in this context due to the high noise and complexity of the data. Previous work uses autoregressive models, although these experience

Holy Grail Math 8 Rigor 9 ·  September 5, 2025

Understanding the Inner Workings of a State-Space Foundation Model for Limit Order Books

Autoregressive foundation models offer state-of-the-art capabilities to simulate the market by generating the message flow of limit order books (LOBs). Yet, without understanding their inner workings, research directions are hard to narrow and practical use in real-world trading environments remains

Holy Grail Math 7.5 Rigor 8 ·  October 20, 2026

LOB-Impact Benchmark: Emergent Market Impact in Generative Limit Order Book Models

Realistic market impact is essential for generative limit order book (LOB) models to serve as world models for trading agents. If a simulator misprices this mechanism, agents learn policies that are optimal in the simulator but wrong in the real market. Existing metrics assess generated streams pure

Holy Grail Math 6.5 Rigor 8 Code ·  October 19, 2026

JaxMARL-HFT: GPU-Accelerated Large-Scale Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for High-Frequency Trading

Agent-based modelling (ABM) approaches for high-frequency financial markets are difficult to calibrate and validate, partly due to the large parameter space created by defining fixed agent policies. Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) enables more realistic agent behaviour and reduces the numb

Street Traders Math 4 Rigor 8 Code ·  November 3, 2025

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