Papers, ranked by score

Ordered by a blend of empirical rigor (60%) and math complexity (40%).

Learning from Expert Factors: Trajectory-level Reward Shaping for Formulaic Alpha Mining

Reinforcement learning (RL) has successfully automated the complex process of mining formulaic alpha factors, for creating interpretable and profitable investment strategies. However, existing methods are hampered by the sparse rewards given the underlying Markov Decision Process. This inefficiency

Holy Grail Math 8 Rigor 7.5 ·  July 27, 2025

Detecting Multilevel Manipulation from Limit Order Book via Cascaded Contrastive Representation Learning

Trade-based manipulation (TBM) undermines the fairness and stability of financial markets drastically. Spoofing, one of the most covert and deceptive TBM strategies, exhibits complex anomaly patterns across multilevel prices, while often being simplified as a single-level manipulation. These pattern

Holy Grail Math 8.5 Rigor 7 ·  August 23, 2025

Lineage-Aware Search Control for LLM-Based Evolutionary Factor Mining

Formulaic alpha factor mining searches for symbolic expressions that transform market data into predictive signals. Recent LLM-based evolutionary factor mining methods use large language models as semantic variation operators. Under the conventional LLM-EA paradigm, stochastic variation and fitness-

Holy Grail Math 6.5 Rigor 7 ·  October 21, 2026

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