Heterogeneous Beliefs Model of Stock Market Predictability

ArXiv ID: 2406.08448 “View on arXiv”

Authors: Unknown

Abstract

This paper proposes a theory of stock market predictability patterns based on a model of heterogeneous beliefs. In a discrete finite time framework, some agents receive news about an asset’s fundamental value through a noisy signal. The investors are heterogeneous in that they have different beliefs about the stochastic supply. A momentum in the stock price arises from those agents who incorrectly underestimate the signal accuracy, dampening the initial price impact of the signal. A reversal in price occurs because the price reverts to the fundamental value in the long run. An extension of the model to multiple assets case predicts co-movement and lead-lag effect, in addition to cross-sectional momentum and reversal. The heterogeneous beliefs of investors about news demonstrate how the main predictability anomalies arise endogenously in a model of bounded rationality.

Keywords: Heterogeneous Beliefs, Asset Pricing Theory, Momentum, Reversal, Market Microstructure

Complexity vs Empirical Score

• Math Complexity: 8.5/10
• Empirical Rigor: 2.0/10
• Quadrant: Lab Rats
• Why: The paper is mathematically dense, featuring a multi-period general equilibrium model with asymmetric information, Bayesian updating, and derived closed-form solutions for price dynamics. However, it lacks any empirical backtesting, dataset descriptions, or implementation details, focusing purely on theoretical model derivation.

  flowchart TD
    A["Research Goal: Explain stock market predictability<br/>patterns using heterogeneous beliefs"] --> B["Methodology: Discrete Finite-Time Model"]
    
    B --> C["Core Inputs: Noisy Fundamental Signals<br/>Stochastic Supply Shock"]
    
    C --> D["Computational Process: Heterogeneous Beliefs"]
    
    D --> D1["Agent Group A:<br/>Underestimates Signal Accuracy"]
    D --> D2["Agent Group B:<br/>Correct Beliefs"]
    
    D1 --> E["Immediate Price Impact:<br/>Damped due to underestimation"]
    D2 --> E
    
    E --> F["Short-Term Outcome:<br/>Price Momentum"]
    E --> G["Long-Term Outcome:<br/>Reversion to Fundamental Value"]
    
    F --> H["Key Findings: Endogenous Anomalies"]
    G --> H
    
    H --> H1["Momentum"]
    H --> H2["Reversal"]