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Initial Coin Offerings and the Value of Crypto Tokens

Initial Coin Offerings and the Value of Crypto Tokens ArXiv ID: ssrn-3143343 “View on arXiv” Authors: Unknown Abstract This paper explores how entrepreneurs can use initial coin offerings — whereby they issue crypto tokens and commit to only accept those tokens as payment for th Keywords: Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs), Crypto Tokens, Crowdfunding, Blockchain, Alternative Investments Complexity vs Empirical Score Math Complexity: 6.5/10 Empirical Rigor: 3.0/10 Quadrant: Lab Rats Why: The paper employs a formal economic model with equilibrium analysis and derives theoretical results about token value and fundraising, indicating moderate-to-high mathematical complexity. However, the work is primarily theoretical with no backtests, datasets, or empirical implementation details, placing it in the ‘Lab Rats’ quadrant. flowchart TD A["Research Question<br/>Value of crypto tokens in ICOs"] --> B["Methodology<br/>Theoretical model & entrepreneurial decisions"] B --> C["Data/Input<br/>Token demand, network size, funding goals"] C --> D["Computational Process<br/>Mathematical derivation of token value"] D --> E["Key Findings<br/>Tokens enable crowdfunding<br/>Value tied to platform usage<br/>Commitment to token acceptance is key"]

January 25, 2026 · 1 min · Research Team