Decentralized Exchanges (DEX)

Equilibrium Liquidity and Risk Offsetting in Decentralised Markets ArXiv ID: 2512.19838 “View on arXiv” Authors: Fayçal Drissi, Xuchen Wu, Sebastian Jaimungal Abstract We develop an economic model of decentralised exchanges (DEXs) in which risk-averse liquidity providers (LPs) manage risk in a centralised exchange (CEX) based on preferences, information, and trading costs. Rational, risk-averse LPs anticipate the frictions associated with replication and manage risk primarily by reducing the reserves supplied to the DEX. Greater aversion reduces the equilibrium viability of liquidity provision, resulting in thinner markets and lower trading volumes. Greater uninformed demand supports deeper liquidity, whereas higher fundamental price volatility erodes it. Finally, while moderate anticipated price changes can improve LP performance, larger changes require more intensive trading in the CEX, generate higher replication costs, and induce LPs to reduce liquidity supply. ...

A Coincidence of Wants Mechanism for Swap Trade Execution in Decentralized Exchanges ArXiv ID: 2507.10149 “View on arXiv” Authors: Abhimanyu Nag, Madhur Prabhakar, Tanuj Behl Abstract We propose a mathematically rigorous framework for identifying and completing Coincidence of Wants (CoW) cycles in decentralized exchange (DEX) aggregators. Unlike existing auction based systems such as CoWSwap, our approach introduces an asset matrix formulation that not only verifies feasibility using oracle prices and formal conservation laws but also completes partial CoW cycles of swap orders that are discovered using graph traversal and are settled using imbalance correction. We define bridging orders and show that the resulting execution is slippage free and capital preserving for LPs. Applied to real world Arbitrum swap data, our algorithm demonstrates efficient discovery of CoW cycles and supports the insertion of synthetic orders for atomic cycle closure. This work can be thought of as the detailing of a potential delta-neutral strategy by liquidity providing market makers: a structured CoW cycle execution. ...

Advancing DeFi Analytics: Efficiency Analysis with Decentralized Exchanges Comparison Service ArXiv ID: 2411.01950 “View on arXiv” Authors: Unknown Abstract This empirical study presents the Decentralized Exchanges Comparison Service (DECS), a novel tool developed by 1inch Analytics to assess exchange efficiency in decentralized finance. The DECS utilizes swap transaction monitoring and simulation techniques to provide unbiased comparisons of swap rates across various DEXes and aggregators. Analysis of almost 1.2 million transactions across multiple blockchain networks demonstrates that both 1inch Classic and 1inch Fusion consistently outperform competitors. These findings not only validate 1inch’s superior rates but also provide valuable insights for continuous protocol optimization and underscore the critical role of data-driven decision-making in advancing DeFi infrastructure. ...

A Multi-step Approach for Minimizing Risk in Decentralized Exchanges ArXiv ID: 2406.07200 “View on arXiv” Authors: Unknown Abstract Decentralized Exchanges are becoming even more predominant in today’s finance. Driven by the need to study this phenomenon from an academic perspective, the SIAG/FME Code Quest 2023 was announced. Specifically, participating teams were asked to implement, in Python, the basic functions of an Automated Market Maker and a liquidity provision strategy in an Automated Market Maker to minimize the Conditional Value at Risk, a critical measure of investment risk. As the competition’s winning team, we highlight our approach in this work. In particular, as the dependence of the final return on the initial wealth distribution is highly non-linear, we cannot use standard ad-hoc approaches. Additionally, classical minimization techniques would require a significant computational load due to the cost of the target function. For these reasons, we propose a three-step approach. In the first step, the target function is approximated by a Kernel Ridge Regression. Then, the approximating function is minimized. In the final step, the previously discovered minimum is utilized as the starting point for directly optimizing the desired target function. By using this procedure, we can both reduce the computational complexity and increase the accuracy of the solution. Finally, the overall computational load is further reduced thanks to an algorithmic trick concerning the returns simulation and the usage of Cython. ...

Analysis of the RMM-01 Market Maker ArXiv ID: 2310.14320 “View on arXiv” Authors: Unknown Abstract Constant function market makers(CFMMS) are a popular market design for decentralized exchanges(DEX). Liquidity providers(LPs) supply the CFMMs with assets to enable trades. In exchange for providing this liquidity, an LP receives a token that replicates a payoff determined by the trading function used by the CFMM. In this paper, we study a time-dependent CFMM called RMM-01. The trading function for RMM-01 is chosen such that LPs recover the payoff of a Black–Scholes priced covered call. First, we introduce the general framework for CFMMs. After, we analyze the pricing properties of RMM-01. This includes the cost of price manipulation and the corresponding implications on arbitrage. Our first primary contribution is from examining the time-varying price properties of RMM-01 and determining parameter bounds when RMM-01 has a more stable price than Uniswap. Finally, we discuss combining lending protocols with RMM-01 to achieve other option payoffs which is our other primary contribution. ...

Automated Market Makers in Cryptoeconomic Systems: A Taxonomy and Archetypes ArXiv ID: 2309.12818 “View on arXiv” Authors: Unknown Abstract Designing automated market makers (AMMs) is crucial for decentralized token exchanges in cryptoeconomic systems. At the intersection of software engineering and economics, AMM design is complex and, if done incorrectly, can lead to financial risks and inefficiencies. We developed an AMM taxonomy for systematically comparing AMM designs and propose three AMM archetypes that meet key requirements for token issuance and exchange. This work bridges software engineering and economic perspectives, providing insights to help developers design AMMs tailored to diverse use cases and foster sustainable cryptoeconomic systems. ...