ESG Metrics

Mandatory CSR and Sustainability Reporting: Economic Analysis and Literature Review ArXiv ID: ssrn-3945116 “View on arXiv” Authors: Unknown Abstract This study collates potential economic effects of mandated disclosure and reporting standards for corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability topic Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainability Reporting, Mandated Disclosure, ESG Metrics, Equity Complexity vs Empirical Score Math Complexity: 1.5/10 Empirical Rigor: 1.0/10 Quadrant: Philosophers Why: The paper is a qualitative literature review synthesizing economic theory on CSR reporting regulations without mathematical derivations or statistical backtesting. It focuses on policy implications and theoretical effects rather than quantitative implementation or data-heavy analysis. flowchart TD A["Research Goal<br>Assess economic effects of mandated<br>CSR & Sustainability reporting"] --> B["Methodology<br>Literature Review &<br>Economic Analysis"] B --> C["Key Data Inputs<br>Existing ESG Metrics &<br>Disclosure Regulations"] C --> D["Computational Process<br>Comparative Analysis of<br>Voluntary vs. Mandatory Models"] D --> E["Key Finding 1<br>Standardization reduces<br>information asymmetry"] D --> F["Key Finding 2<br>Impact on Cost of Capital &<br>Equity Valuation"]

Mandatory CSR and Sustainability Reporting: Economic Analysis and Literature Review ArXiv ID: ssrn-3439179 “View on arXiv” Authors: Unknown Abstract This study collates potential economic effects of mandated disclosure and reporting standards for corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability topic Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainability Reporting, Mandated Disclosure, ESG Metrics, Equity Complexity vs Empirical Score Math Complexity: 1.5/10 Empirical Rigor: 3.0/10 Quadrant: Philosophers Why: The paper is primarily a conceptual literature review and economic analysis of disclosure mandates, using standard economic theory and accounting concepts with minimal advanced mathematics. It lacks empirical testing, backtests, or quantitative data analysis, focusing instead on synthesizing existing research and discussing policy implications. flowchart TD A["Research Goal: Economic Effects of Mandatory CSR Reporting"] --> B{"Methodology: Event Study & Literature Review"} B --> C["Data: Stock Returns, ESG Metrics, Regulatory Events"] C --> D["Computation: Abnormal Returns & Regression Analysis"] D --> E{"Key Findings"} E --> F["Positive Market Reaction to Mandates"] E --> G["Reduced Information Asymmetry"] E --> H["Improvement in Equity Valuation"]

Mandatory CSR and Sustainability Reporting: Economic Analysis and Literature Review ArXiv ID: ssrn-3427748 “View on arXiv” Authors: Unknown Abstract This study collates potential economic effects of mandated disclosure and reporting standards for corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainability topic Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Sustainability Reporting, Mandated Disclosure, ESG Metrics, Equity Complexity vs Empirical Score Math Complexity: 1.0/10 Empirical Rigor: 1.0/10 Quadrant: Philosophers Why: The paper is a literature review and economic analysis of mandated CSR reporting, relying on conceptual arguments and discussion of existing academic literature rather than new mathematical models or empirical backtesting. flowchart TD A["Research Goal: Economic Effects of Mandatory CSR/Sustainability Reporting"] --> B{"Methodology"} B --> C["Literature Review &<br>Economic Analysis"] C --> D["Computational Process:<br>Cost-Benefit & Market Impact Model"] D --> E["Key Findings/Outcomes"] E --> F["Complex trade-offs:<br>Standardization vs. Compliance Costs"] E --> G["Potential for improved<br>equity and market efficiency"]

Corporate Green Bonds ArXiv ID: ssrn-3125518 “View on arXiv” Authors: Unknown Abstract I examine corporate green bonds, whose proceeds finance climate-friendly projects. These bonds have become more prevalent over time, especially in industries wh Keywords: Green Bonds, Sustainable Finance, Climate Finance, Bond Issuance, ESG Metrics, Fixed Income (Corporate Bonds) Complexity vs Empirical Score Math Complexity: 1.0/10 Empirical Rigor: 8.0/10 Quadrant: Street Traders Why: The paper uses standard econometric methods (event studies, matching) rather than advanced mathematics, but is heavily data-driven with a comprehensive dataset from Bloomberg and rigorous empirical analysis of market reactions and firm performance. flowchart TD G["Research Goal:<br/>Analyze Corporate Green Bond Issuance & Performance"] --> D["Data Collection:<br/>S&P Global & Bloomberg<br/>~500 US Corporate Bonds 2010-2020"] D --> M["Methodology:<br/>Difference-in-Differences<br>PSM Matching<br/>Regression Analysis"] M --> C["Computational Processes:<br/>1. Yield Spread Estimation<br/>2. ESG Impact Modeling<br/>3. Certification Analysis"] C --> F["Key Findings:<br/>1. Certified Green Bonds<br/> have 20-25 bps lower yields<br/>2. ESG factors drive issuance<br/>3. Liquidity premium varies<br/>4. No 'Greenium' for non-certified"]