Greenwashing

ESG Lending ArXiv ID: ssrn-3865147 “View on arXiv” Authors: Unknown Abstract Firms increasingly borrow via sustainability-linked loans (SLLs), contractually tying spreads to their ESG performance. SLLs vary widely in transparency of disc Keywords: Sustainability-linked loans, ESG performance, Loan spreads, Greenwashing, Credit risk Complexity vs Empirical Score Math Complexity: 4.5/10 Empirical Rigor: 8.0/10 Quadrant: Street Traders Why: The paper employs advanced econometric methods (DID, PSM, stacked DID, synthetic controls) and handles large datasets (LSEG DealScan, Refinitiv, S&P Trucost) with robustness checks, indicating high empirical rigor, but uses standard statistical models without heavy mathematical derivations. flowchart TD A["Research Goal: How do ESG performance & SLL transparency affect loan spreads & credit risk?"] --> B["Methodology: Empirical analysis of loan contracts"] B --> C["Data: SLLs & ESG data from 2016-2022"] C --> D["Computation: Regression models on spread determinants"] D --> E["Outcomes: Lower spreads for ESG performance, less for opaque SLLs"] E --> F["Risk: No significant credit risk reduction, potential greenwashing"]

Definition of GreenFinance ArXiv ID: ssrn-2446496 “View on arXiv” Authors: Unknown Abstract Up to today, we do not have a precise and commonly accepted definition of green finance for two reasons. First, many publications do not try to define the term Keywords: Green Finance, Sustainable Finance, Environmental Metrics, Greenwashing, ESG Standards, Green Bonds / Sustainable Finance Complexity vs Empirical Score Math Complexity: 0.0/10 Empirical Rigor: 0.0/10 Quadrant: Philosophers Why: The paper is a conceptual review and proposal for defining ‘green finance’ with no mathematical formulas, statistical methods, or backtesting, focusing solely on literature synthesis and classification. flowchart TD A["Research Goal: Define Green Finance"] --> B["Methodology: Literature Review"] B --> C{"Data/Inputs: Financial & Environmental Metrics"} C --> D["Analysis: ESG Standards & Green Bonds"] D --> E{"Computational Process: Terminology Comparison"} E --> F{"Key Findings: <br> No Common Definition"} F --> G["Reason 1: Varying Definitions"] F --> H["Reason 2: Greenwashing Risks"]